Almost every third person nail fungus of the feet. The disease bears the name of onychomycosis and generates a beam, and the collapse of the nail plate. Onychomycosis may occur at any age, and require timely and literacy of treatment under the direction of a professional.
What is onychomycosis?
Onychomycosis - fungal for the defeat of the nail plate. The disease can be caused by a fungus-dermatophytes, or with microsporia. The mushrooms have a negative impact on the basic construction of the nail – keratin-and, little by little, eating, raise the strain changes.
The different types of onychomycosis:
- Normotroficheskie. The change of color of the nail, the appearance of scratches and stains.
- Hypertrophic. It is not only a change of color, but easy to deformation. The more often the nail deformed with the edges.
- Onicholocheskiy. The nail is destroyed, the atrophy and rejected.
Fungal of the defeat may cause deformation of the nail free edge, on the sides and in the region of the rear of the roller. During the development of a disease process affects the entire nail plate.
The reasons
Fungal infections of the nails of the feet appears to be not only due to the decrease of immunity. Approximately 70% of infected people in the sick person, and the more often it is the parent. The smaller flakes of skin, with a stop to fall on household items, and, by coming in contact with healthy tissue of the nails and skin, infecting the healthy man.
Most often, the contamination is done by:
- Washcloths.
- The sponge.
- Towels.
- Floor mats.
- Shoes.
- Manicure toiletries.
During the visit to the beach, the sauna and the bathroom without slippers, there is a high risk of infection by a fungus feet. When the humidity and temperature of the infection occurs much more often.
Especially attentive should be in public spaces where people walk barefoot. Fungi resistant to both low and high temperature, and the sandy beach, they retain their vitality for several months.
The slightest wound or abrasion on the foot upon contact with objects can become the cause of an onychomycosis. Not worthwhile to continue to wear the shoes for other people, even if the external manifestations of the yeast infection at home is not detected. They may be carriers of the microflora pathogenic, and if only the immunity to disease does not manifest itself.
The signs
The first step of the fungal infection of the feet is manifested by dryness and flaking. At this time, a person may not notice the visual changes to the nail plate, but he suffers from itching and a burning sensation in the area of the fingers. Gradually increases the perspiration, and in rare cases, bubbles, and horns. The introduction of downy mildew in the nail start to change their color, they become brittle and cracked.
The nail under the microscope contains a mixture and emptiness. The legs begin to smell unpleasant, and the symptoms increase.
In severe cases, the body temperature increases and occurs expressed pain syndrome, which does not give normal move. As the air of the nail fungus of the feet, and what changes are typical for him, depends on his type and the strength of the immunity of man.
The fungi dermatophytes appear yellow longitudinally striped, yeast, are the cause chipping of the nail plate and its yellowing. Mildew – a result of the surface of the defeat of the nail plate, which can become yellow, brown, blue, or green.
Description of the disease when different types of fungi is different, but has common symptoms.
They include:
- Change the color of the nail plate.
- Itching and burning of the skin of the fingers on the leg.
- The stripes and spots under the nails.
- The collapse of the and the destruction of the nail on the sides.
- A redness of the skin around the nails.
- Hyperkeratosis (thickening of the nail).
Disease begins with a defeat of the nail of the little finger or the thumb on the feet, after which it is a infection of all the plates. Occurs keratinization of the nail, it condenses and crumbles. Fungal infections commonly affect people of adult and old age, but in children, they are very rare.
The treatment and care of doctor, dermatologist or mycologist. For the accurate staging diagnosis is not enough visual inspection requires a laboratory. To do this, a small part of the nail send to a microscopic examination. During the detection of a fungus put in order using the seeding on nutrient medium.
In spite of the fact that most diseases of the nail plate in the adult, it is a fungus, there are a lot of pathologies of the similarity of the similar symptoms. Infections of the nails by a fungus can cause similar features, but requires a different treatment. It is whitlow, or acute purulent inflammation of the fingers, requiring surgical treatment.
That to cure nail fungus?
It is not necessary to hope that the fungus will be clean. The more a person suffers from this disease, the more difficult it will be to continue with the treatment.
The length of treatment and selection of drugs depends on:
- The stage of the disease.
- The degree of damage to the nail.
- The clinical disease.
The initial stages of the nail fungus and feet require the local application of drugs, which can be in the form:
- Solutions.
- Ointments a yeast infection.
- Creams.
- The varnish.
Apply to medicines for external use, preferably after keratolytic treatment of the nail plate.
Before each procedure for the application of medicine, you need to:
- Make it a mylno-soda bath. In a small tub, add a tablespoon of baking soda and the salt and 50 g of soap. Keep the soles of his feet in a solution of approximately 15 minutes.
- Treat damaged nail. With the help of a limes of the upper layer of the nail is eroding for the drug best dipped in the.
- Apply the medication. The preparation is applied on clean nails and the skin around them.
When the use of solutions, ointments and creams drug are 2-3 times daily, lucky – 2 times per week. The course of treatment established by a physician based on damage.
If the nail plate completely surprised and the local treatments do not have a positive impact recommended to combine the antimicotica.
Drugs systemic have a big list of contra-indications and must be prescribed by the treating physician. Most of them are non-smokers to take during pregnancy and lactation, childhood, and chronic diseases of the liver and kidneys.
In severe cases, under-nail fungus may necessitate the removal of the plate. The procedure can be reduced only by surgery, and with the help of keratolytic, who contain salicylic acid and urea.
The removal of the victim from the nail keratolytic this patch is distinguished by its comfort. After steaming feet glue carefully applied on the plate and then seal the plaster. In a few days the dressing is removed, cut the affected area of the plaque, are one of the antifungal drugs. The procedure is performed several times.
During the treatment, it is important to eliminate the risk of recurrence of auto-infection. To do this, all of the shoes deal with a special disinfectant solution. Socks, who wore before the start of the treatment, the better get rid. Thereafter, each month spend to restate the shoes and clothing. If waive this procedure, in a short time, the fungus may appear again.
The symptoms and treatment of yeast infections entirely his own, and at the first sign of this disease, you must consult your doctor. Only he will be able to deliver an accurate diagnosis and choose an effective drug. In the contrary case, the fungus begins to spread on the other nails will destroy them.